Quality tutoring practices in higher education
The role of writing centres in supporting postgraduate students in South Africa
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.20853/40-5-8516Keywords:
Writing Centre, tutors, postgraduate students, training, academic writing support, higher educationAbstract
Writing centres are integral in the promotion of quality tutoring practices that address the varied and evolving writing needs of students in higher education. As postgraduate writers navigate complex academic and research expectations, university writing centres serve as key spaces for developing academic writing competence and confidence. Ensuring quality tutoring in these spaces requires a deep understanding of postgraduate students’ writing needs and systematic training for tutors who provide this support. Drawing on Humanising Pedagogy and Communities of Practice, this study examines how writing centres foster quality tutoring that empowers postgraduate writers.
Anchored within an interpretivist qualitative framework, this study the writing centre’s role in in supporting postgraduate students and examined how quality tutoring practices are cultivated through targeted tutor development. Data was generated through a focus group discussion with fourteen writing centre tutors, ten interviews with postgraduate students, as well as six interviews with writing centre practitioners at two Universities of Technology (UoTs) in South Africa. Using thematic analysis, supported by NVivo 15, the findings highlight that while tutors possess strong foundational knowledge, many feel underprepared for the specialised demands of postgraduate academic writing. This underscores the need for continuous professional training, institutional integration of writing centre support, and the promotion of empathetic, collaborative tutoring approaches. This study concludes that quality tutoring is characterised by confident, reflective, and adaptive tutors who engage postgraduate writers as partners in the learning process. Most writing centre research centres on undergraduate writers; thus, this article fills this gap by specifically focusing on postgraduate writers’ needs and tutor preparedness for that level. By investing in tutor training and institutional collaboration, writing centres can enhance postgraduate writing success and overall academic quality in South African higher education.
Downloads
References
Aldohon, Hatem. 2021. “Writing Centre Conferences: Tutors’ Perceptions and Practices.” Educational Studies 47 (5): 554–573.
Archer, Arlene. 2010. “Challenges and Potentials for Writing Centres in South African Tertiary Institutions.” South African Journal of Higher Education 24 (4): 495–510.
Archer, Arlene, and Rose Richards, eds. 2011. Changing Spaces: Writing Centres and Access to Higher Education in South Africa. Stellenbosch: African Sun Media.
Badley, Graham. 2009. “Academic Writing as Shaping and Re-Shaping.” Teaching in Higher Education 14 (2): 209–219.
Barron, Kyle L., Kathryn Warrender-Hill, Sophie Wallis Buckner, and Psyche Z. Ready. 2023. “Expanding Writing Center Space-Time: Tutoring Modality, Access, and Equity.” The Peer Review 7 (1).
Braun, Virginia, and Victoria Clarke. 2006. “Using Thematic Analysis in Psychology.” Qualitative Research in Psychology 3 (2): 77–101.
Carlse, J. E. 2019. “Writing Centre Consultants as Critical Friends.” Stellenbosch Papers in Linguistics Plus 57: 183–194.
Chankseliani, Maia, Ikboljon Qoraboyev, and Dilbar Gimranova. 2020. “Higher Education Contributing to Local, National, and Global Development: New Empirical and Conceptual Insights.” Higher Education 81 (1): 109–127.
Cheatle, Joseph, and Elena Cotos. 2020. “Developing Writing Center Tutor Training Programs: Challenges and Opportunities.” Writing Center Journal 40 (2): 1–15.
Clarence, Sherran. 2012. “Making Inter-Disciplinary Spaces for Talk about and Change in Student Writing and Literacy Development.” Teaching in Higher Education 17 (2): 127–137.
Clarence, Sherran. 2020. “Making Visible the Affective Dimensions of Scholarship in Postgraduate Writing Development Work.” Journal of Praxis in Higher Education 2 (1): 46–62.
Council on Higher Education (CHE). 2020. Changing Trends in the Size and Shape of Postgraduate Programmes. Pretoria: CHE.
Creswell, John W., and Cheryl N. Poth. 2018. Qualitative Inquiry and Research Design: Choosing among Five Approaches. 4th ed. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications.
Daniels, Sharifa, and Rose Richards. 2016. “The Writing Lab in the Centre: A Collaborative Model for Integrating Writing Consultations in a First-Year Engineering Module.” Stellenbosch Papers in Linguistics Plus 49: 1–14.
Evans-Tokaryk, Tyler, and Kiven Junior Shabanza. 2022. “Academic Literacies in a South African Writing Centre: Student Perspectives on Established Practices.” Discourse and Writing/Rédactologie 32: 103–127.
Freire, Paulo. 1970. Pedagogy of the Oppressed. New York: Continuum.
Govender, Nereshnee, and Andrea Alcock. 2020. “Humanising Writing Centre Practice: Peer Tutor Reflections at a University of Technology.” Africa Education Review 17 (1): 18–34.
Govender, Nereshnee, and Tafadzwa Ndadziyira. 2023. “Transforming Learning: Reimagining Writing Centre Tutor Training in a University Context.” African Journal of Inter/Multidisciplinary Studies 5 (1): 1–10.
Govender, Nereshnee, P. Reddy, and R. Bhagwan. 2022. “An Exploratory Study of the Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic and Lockdown on the Emotional and Social Well-Being of Students Enrolled at a University of Technology.” Journal of Student Affairs in Africa 10 (2): 15–32.
Gustafsson, Magnus, and Lisa Ganobcsik-Williams. 2016. “Writing Centres and the Turn toward Multilingual and Multiliteracy Writing Tutoring.” In The Routledge Handbook of English for Academic Purposes, 517–529. New York: Routledge.
Harrison, Daniel, Scarlett Rowland, Gavin Wood, Lyndsey Bakewell, Ioannis Petridis, Kiel Long, Konstantina Vasileiou, Julie Barnett, Manuela Barreto, Michael Wilson, Shaun Lawson, and John Vines. 2023. “Designing Technology-Mediated Peer Support for Postgraduate Research Students at Risk of Loneliness and Isolation.” ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction 30 (1): 1–40.
Kadenge, Emure, Laura Dison, Wacango Kimani, and Halima Namakula. 2019. “Negotiating New Ways of Developing Writing in Disciplinary Spaces: The Changing Role of Writing Consultants at the Wits School of Education Writing Centre.” Stellenbosch Papers in Linguistics Plus 57: 169–182. https://doi.org/10.5842/57-0-816.
Khumalo, Nonhlanhla P., and Sarasvathie Reddy. 2021. “Cross-Disciplinary Synergy: First-Year Students’ Experiences of Learning Academic Writing through Integrated Writing Support at a University of Technology.” The Journal for Transdisciplinary Research in Southern Africa 17 (1).
Khumalo, Nonhlanhla P., and Sunday Paul Chinazo Onwuegbuchulam. 2023. “Beyond Barriers and Resistance: Peer Tutor Reflections on Writing Centre Practice during and beyond the COVID-19 Pandemic.” In The Focus Conference (TFC 2022), 27–39. Atlantis Press.
Landry, Michael Henry, Maya Pilin, Amanda Brobbel, and Scott Roy Douglas. 2023. “Tutor Perceptions of a University Writing Centre’s Program of Skills Development for Supporting Multilingual Students Using English as an Additional Language.” The Canadian Journal for the Scholarship of Teaching and Learning 14 (2).
Lave, Jean, and Etienne Wenger. 1991. Situated Learning: Legitimate Peripheral Participation. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Liu, Chang, and Nigel Harwood. 2022. “Understandings of the Role of the One-to-One Writing Tutor in a U.K. University Writing Centre: Multiple Perspectives.” Written Communication 39 (1): 3–30.
Lochtie, Dave, Emily McIntosh, Andrew Stork, and Ben W. Walker. 2025. Effective Personal Tutoring in Higher Education. New York: Routledge.
Lundin, Isabelle M., Victoria O’Connor, and Sherry Wynn Perdue. 2023. “The Impact of Writing Center Consultations on Student Writing Self-Efficacy.” Writing Center Journal 41 (2), article 2.
Mhlongo, Ntuthuko, Nonhlanhla Khumalo, Denver Naidoo, and Nthabeleng Tamako. 2023. “Practices and Spaces (Location): Reflecting on the Contribution of Writing Centres for Decolonisation in Higher Education.” African Journal of Inter/Multidisciplinary Studies 5 (1): 1–12.
Moodley, Désireé Eva. 2024. “Universal Design for Learning and Writing Centres in South African Higher Education.” Perspectives in Education 42 (2): 15–30.
Muryani, R. N., M. G. E. Romadhon, and M. Mustofa. 2024. “An Investigation into the Challenges and Strategies Utilization in Academic Writing: A Case Study of Indonesian Postgraduate Students.” Veles: Voices of English Language Education Society 8 (1): 64–79.
Mutsvairigwa, Patience, Ntuthuko Mhlongo, Nondumiso Shabangu, Simthandile Zwide, Ntokozo Nomxoko, and Nhlakanipho Mbhele. 2024. “Writing Centre Consultations in the Age of Artificial Intelligence: Perspectives from Tutors at a Selected University of Technology in KZN.” In The Focus Conference (TFC 2024), 533–545. Atlantis Press.
Namakula, Halima, Wacango Kimani, and Emure Kadenge. "Disrupting monolingual practices: The role of multilingualism as a pedagogy of possibility in Writing Centres." Critical Studies in Teaching and Learning (CriSTaL) 13, no. si1 (2025): 126-150.
Namakula, Halima, and Mthobisi Ndaba. 2024. “Leaving No One Behind: Leveraging Support to Promote Access with Success in Post-Graduate Studies.” South African Journal of Higher Education 38 (1): 28–41.
Nkala, Nolwazi Zinhle, and Mziwandile Sobantu. 2021. “Writing Centres and Social Justice in Higher Education: Students’ Voices in a Higher Education Institution in Johannesburg, South Africa.” African Journal of Social Work 11 (2).
Okoro, Chioma Sylvia, and Nelson Bakali Phiri. 2023. “Institutional Influencers and Support for Tutoring in a South African Higher Education Institution.” In HEAd 2023—9th International Conference on Higher Education Advances, 1113–1121. Valencia: Universidad Politécnica de Valencia.
Pilin, Maya, Michael Henry Landry, Scott Roy Douglas, and Amanda Brobbel. 2020. “The Tutor Development Needs of Writing Centre Consultants Working with Undergraduate Students Using English as an Additional Language.” Discourse and Writing/Rédactologie 30: 290–313.
Rempel, Cassidy, and Helen Lepp Friesen. 2022. “Benefits and Challenges of Zoom Tutoring during the COVID-19 Pandemic.” Discourse and Writing/Rédactologie 32: 370–393.
Roper, K. 2025. “Tutoring People, Not Subjects: Implications from Writing Centre Theory for Peer Tutoring.” In The Handbook of Peer Tutoring, chap. 11.
Ryan, L., and T. Earles. 2019. “The Writing Centre as Workplace: Teaching, Learning, and Practising Professionalism.” WLN: A Journal of Writing Centre Scholarship 43 (9–10): 2–10.
Schön, Donald A. 1983. The Reflective Practitioner: How Professionals Think in Action. New York: Basic Books.
Shackel, Eva. 2023. “The Highs and Lows of Written Feedback: Student Evaluation of Writing Centre Written Responses.” Journal of Learning Development in Higher Education 27: 1–23.
Shobande, Olatunji A., and Simplice A. Asongu. 2021. “Has Knowledge Improved Economic Growth? Evidence from Nigeria and South Africa.” Journal of Public Affairs 22 (S1): e2763.
Shube, I. M. 2024. “Coping in Crisis: Translanguaging and Code-Switching in Online Consultations at a Writing Centre.” Journal of Multilingual Education Research 15 (2): 45–62.
Solak, Ekrem. 2024. “Exploring the Efficiency of ChatGPT and Artificial Intelligence in Advancing Academic Writing Pedagogy.” International Journal of Education in Mathematics, Science and Technology 12 (6): 1525–1537.
Tai, Kevin W. H., and Li Wei. 2020. “Constructing Playful Talk through Translanguaging in English Medium Instruction Mathematics Classrooms.” Applied Linguistics 42 (4): 607–640.
Thakane, K. 2020. “Factors Impacting Postgraduate Throughput Rates at a South African University of Technology.” Master’s thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology.
Themane, M. J. 2021. “Drivers and Inhibitors of Diversity and Social Justice in the South African Higher Education Sector: Reflections on a Decolonised Curriculum.” South African Journal of Higher Education 35 (1): 70–81.
Vygotsky, Lev S. 1978. Mind in Society: The Development of Higher Psychological Processes. Edited by Michael Cole, Vera John-Steiner, Sylvia Scribner, and Ellen Souberman. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Wenger, Etienne. 1998. Communities of Practice: Learning, Meaning, and Identity. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Wingate, Ursula. 2019. “‘Can You Talk Me through Your Argument?’ Features of Dialogic Interaction in Academic Writing Tutorials.” Journal of English for Academic Purposes 38: 25–35.
Yin, Robert K. 2018. Case Study Research and Applications: Design and Methods. 6th ed. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications.
Zewotir, Temesgen, Delia North, and Mike Murray. 2015. “The Time to Degree or Dropout amongst Full-Time Master’s Students at University of KwaZulu-Natal.” South African Journal of Science 111 (9/10): 1–6.
Zhan, Ju, Qiyu Sun, and Lawrence Jun Zhang. 2021. “Effects of Manipulating Writing Task Complexity on Learners’ Performance in Completing Vocabulary and Syntactic Tasks.” Language Teaching Research 28 (3): 1011–1032.
Zhou, Sifiso, and Nhlanhla Landa. 2019. “Translanguaging as Foundational Pedagogy: Disrupting Hegemonies for Academic Access in Multilingual Spaces.” Alternation 26 (2): 290–310.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Patience Mutsvairigwa, Nereshnee Govender

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
This journal is an open access journal, and the authors and journal should be properly acknowledged, when works are cited.
Authors, copyright holders, may use the publishers version for teaching purposes, in books, theses, dissertations, conferences and conference papers.
A copy of the authors' publishers version may also be hosted on the following websites:
- Non-commercial personal homepage or blog.
- Institutional webpage.
- Authors Institutional Repository.
The following notice should accompany such a posting on the website: This is an electronic version of an article published in SAJHE, Volume XXX, number XXX, pages XXX “XXX", DOI. Authors should also supply a hyperlink to the original paper or indicate where the original paper (http://www.journals.ac.za/index.php/SAJHE) may be found.
Authors publishers version, affiliated with the Stellenbosch University will be automatically deposited in the University Institutional Repository SUNScholar.
Articles as a whole, may not be re-published with another journal.
The following license applies:
Attribution CC BY-NC-ND 4.0